\paperw3360 \margr0\margl0\ATXph16380 \plain \fs20 \f1 \fs22 The new map of nascent industrial Britain was shaped by the presence in the vicinity of plentiful supplies of coal an
d iron, combined with access to facilities for transporting materials and goods by water. The coalfields were most plentiful around Glasgow in \b \cf4 \ATXht10150000 Scotland\b0 \cf0 \ATXht0 , Newcastle in the north, the industrial Midlands stretching f
rom the Yorkshire and Lancashire towns of Leeds, Bradford and Bolton down to Coalbrookdale, Birmingham and Coventry, and in South \b \cf4 \ATXht10141000 Wales\b0 \cf0 \ATXht0 , especially Swansea and Merthyr. The extractive industries were only the base
of the local economy, however, which depended for its expansion on a wide range of manufacturing skills. Thus much of the \ATXnt901 countryside\ATXnt0 was covered with a strung-out web of iron-working villages, market towns next door to collieries, he
aths and wastes gradually and very slowly being covered by the cottages of nailers and other people carrying industrial occupations in rural surroundings.\par
